";s:4:"text";s:5509:" There was a tendency for these episodes to occur more commonly in women, and in those with higher serum clonidine levels.
The reduction in blood pressure induced by clonidine can be further potentiated by concurrent administration of other hypotensive agents. If therapy is to be discontinued in patients receiving a beta-blocker and clonidine concurrently, the beta-blocker should be withdrawn several days before the gradual discontinuation of epidural clonidine.Beta-blockers may exacerbate the hypertensive response seen with clonidine withdrawal. This can be of therapeutic use in the case of other antihypertensive agents such as diuretics, vasodilators, beta-receptor blockers, calcium antagonists and ACE-inhibitors, but the effect of alpha 1-blockers is unpredictable. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics • Clonidine is an alpha-2 adrenoreceptor agonist.
... IV compatibility: ... -Slow IV administration may help minimize the initial pressor phase of 5 to 10 mmHg (lasting approximately 5 minutes) which can occur after IV injection. CL was 190±70 mL/min. Severe hypotension may occur even if intravenous fluid pretreatment is given.Careful monitoring of infusion pump function and inspection of catheter tubing for obstruction or dislodgement can help reduce the risk of inadvertent abrupt withdrawal of epidural clonidine. Both mean blood pressure and heart rate were reduced in the clonidine group. The risk of hemodynamic instability, especially hypotension and bradycardia, from epidural clonidine may be unacceptable in these patients. The plasma elimination half-life was determined to be 22±15 hours following sample collection for 24 hours. Despite these considerations, we have chosen intravenous administration of clonidine to investigate whether vasoconstrictor effects of clonidine, which might considerably decrease ocular blood flow, occur in the retina, because topical administration of a drug always raises the question about the availability of the substance at the site of action. Clonidine hydrochloride injection should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefits justify the potential risk to the fetus.Implantable epidural catheters are associated with a risk of catheter-related infections, including meningitis and/or epidural abscess. However, hypotensive episodes occurred throughout the duration of the trial. The 500 mcg/mL strength product should be diluted prior to use in an appropriate solution.NOTE: Cloniodine hydrochloride injection is not recommended for obstetrical, postpartum, or peri-operative pain management. In mice and rats, the oral LD50 of clonidine is 206 and 465 mg/kg, respectively.Familiarization with the continuous epidural infusion device is essential. Applies to the following strengths: 0.1 mg; 0.2 mg; 0.3 mg; 0.1 mg/24 hr; 0.2 mg/24 hr; 0.3 mg/24 hr; 100 mcg/mL; 500 mcg/mL; 0.1 mg/12 hr; 0.17 mg/24 hr; 0.09 mg/mL; 0.2 mg/12 hr; varying strengthPatients with renal impairment may benefit from a lower initial dose.Elderly patients may benefit from a lower initial dose.Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. The following adverse events were reported in two or more patients and may be related to administration of either clonidine hydrochloride or morphine.The following adverse reactions have also been reported with the use of any dosage form of clonidine. At the conclusion of the two week study period in the clinical trial, all patients were abruptly withdrawn from study drug or placebo. However, in the absence of profound hypotension, renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate remain essentially unchanged.In the pivotal double-blind, randomized study of cancer patients, where 38 subjects were administered epidural clonidine hydrochloride at 30 mcg/hr in addition to epidural morphine, hypotension occurred in 45% of subjects. The hypotension is usually responsive to intravenous fluids and, if necessary, appropriate parenterally-administered pressor agents.Published reports on the use of epidural clonidine for intraoperative or postoperative analgesia also show a consistent and marked hypotensive response to clonidine. Peak plasma clonidine levels are attained in approximately 1 to 3 hours. Detailed Clonidine dosage information for adults and children. The patient fully recovered after intensive treatment. Dialysis is not likely to significantly enhance the elimination of clonidine.The largest overdose reported to date involved a 28-year old white male who ingested 100 mg of clonidine hydrochloride powder. Select one or more newsletters to continue. Asymptomatic bradycardia was noted in one clonidine patient.The safety of this drug product has only been established in a highly selected group of cancer patients, and only after an adequate trial of opioid analgesia. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information -